More on MAL effect

← back to MAL Effect summary

World map: geographic distribution of −β(1→max) (MAL)

R² Goodness-of-Fit Distribution for β(1→max) regressions (MAL)

Mean R² = 0.745, median R² = 0.878, n = 131.

β(1→2) vs −β(2→max)

−β(1→max) vs −β(2→max)

MAL Effect −β(1→max) by Language Family (positive = MAL compliance) -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 −β(1→max) — Negated Log-Log Regression Slope (positive = MAL compliance) Dravidian (n=2) Tamil: 0.353 Telugu: 0.094 Indo-European (n=66) Afrikaans: 0.181 Albanian: -0.045 SwissGerman: -0.002 AncientGreek: 0.054 Armenian: 0.056 Bavarian: 0.134 Belarusian: 0.181 Bhojpuri: -0.041 Breton: 0.119 Bulgarian: 0.172 Catalan: 0.255 ClassArmenian: 0.005 Croatian: 0.268 Czech: 0.240 Danish: 0.131 Dutch: 0.087 English: 0.059 Faroese: -0.076 French: 0.254 FrisianDutch: 0.331 Galician: 0.391 German: 0.171 Gheg: 0.114 Gothic: -0.120 Greek: 0.213 Haitian: 0.190 Hindi: 0.099 Icelandic: -0.035 Irish: 0.046 Italian: 0.146 Latin: -0.235 Latvian: 0.109 Ligurian: -0.066 Lithuanian: 0.147 LowSaxon: 0.098 Marathi: 0.124 MiddleFrench: 0.120 Naija: -0.248 Kurmanji: 0.139 Norwegian: 0.216 Occitan: 0.212 OldChurchSlavonic: -0.129 OldEastSlavic: -0.255 OldFrench: -0.047 OldProvençal: -0.200 Persian: -0.014 Polish: 0.136 Pomak: 0.049 Portuguese: 0.130 Romanian: 0.092 Russian: 0.110 Sanskrit: -0.018 Gaelic: 0.348 Serbian: 0.170 Sicilian: 0.315 Sindhi: -0.046 Slovak: 0.137 Slovenian: 0.230 Spanish: 0.205 Swedish: 0.106 Ukrainian: 0.191 UpperSorbian: 0.495 Urdu: 0.142 Welsh: 0.630 WestArmenian: -0.029 Yiddish: 0.038 Afroasiatic (n=12) Akkadian: 0.052 Amharic: 0.074 AncientHebrew: 0.029 Arabic: 0.158 Beja: 0.379 Coptic: -0.151 Egyptian: 0.081 Hausa: -0.163 Hebrew: 0.194 Maghrebi: 0.122 Maltese: 0.297 Zaar: 0.006 South-American (n=11) Buglere: -0.009 Borôro: 0.134 Guajajára: 0.081 HighlandNahuatl: 0.229 Arhuaco: 0.127 Karo: 0.055 Kiche: 0.046 MbyáGuaraní: -0.009 Nhengatu: 0.025 Teko: 0.101 WestNahuatl: 0.038 Sino-Austronesian (n=10) Cantonese: -0.052 Chinese: -0.039 Chhintange: 0.215 ClassChinese: 0.075 Indonesian: 0.108 Javanese: 0.223 Tangkhul: 0.107 Wu: -0.003 Thai: 0.087 Vietnamese: 0.014 Turkic (n=8) Kazakh: 0.057 Kyrgyz: 0.148 OttomanTurkish: 0.065 Tatar: -0.077 Turkish: 0.136 TurkishGerman: 0.050 Uyghur: 0.022 Uzbek: 0.140 Uralic (n=8) Erzya: -0.016 Estonian: 0.208 Finnish: 0.107 Hungarian: 0.052 Komi: -0.037 Moksha: 0.067 NorthSami: 0.028 SkoltSami: 0.029 Caucasian (n=2) Abkhaz: -0.071 Georgian: 0.149 Niger-Congo (n=3) Bambara: -0.286 Wolof: 0.059 Yoruba: 0.341 Other (n=9) Basque: 0.061 Buryat: 0.159 Chukot: -0.047 Japanese: 0.025 Khoekhoe: -0.040 Korean: 0.127 Pesh: 0.103 Xibe: -0.132 Yupik: -0.045
MAL Effect −β(1→max): Indo-European vs Non-Indo-European -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 −β(1→max) — positive = MAL compliance Indo-European (n=66) Afrikaans: 0.181 Albanian: -0.045 SwissGerman: -0.002 AncientGreek: 0.054 Armenian: 0.056 Bavarian: 0.134 Belarusian: 0.181 Bhojpuri: -0.041 Breton: 0.119 Bulgarian: 0.172 Catalan: 0.255 ClassArmenian: 0.005 Croatian: 0.268 Czech: 0.240 Danish: 0.131 Dutch: 0.087 English: 0.059 Faroese: -0.076 French: 0.254 FrisianDutch: 0.331 Galician: 0.391 German: 0.171 Gheg: 0.114 Gothic: -0.120 Greek: 0.213 Haitian: 0.190 Hindi: 0.099 Icelandic: -0.035 Irish: 0.046 Italian: 0.146 Latin: -0.235 Latvian: 0.109 Ligurian: -0.066 Lithuanian: 0.147 LowSaxon: 0.098 Marathi: 0.124 MiddleFrench: 0.120 Naija: -0.248 Kurmanji: 0.139 Norwegian: 0.216 Occitan: 0.212 OldChurchSlavonic: -0.129 OldEastSlavic: -0.255 OldFrench: -0.047 OldProvençal: -0.200 Persian: -0.014 Polish: 0.136 Pomak: 0.049 Portuguese: 0.130 Romanian: 0.092 Russian: 0.110 Sanskrit: -0.018 Gaelic: 0.348 Serbian: 0.170 Sicilian: 0.315 Sindhi: -0.046 Slovak: 0.137 Slovenian: 0.230 Spanish: 0.205 Swedish: 0.106 Ukrainian: 0.191 UpperSorbian: 0.495 Urdu: 0.142 Welsh: 0.630 WestArmenian: -0.029 Yiddish: 0.038 Non-Indo-European (n=65) Abkhaz: -0.071 Akkadian: 0.052 Amharic: 0.074 AncientHebrew: 0.029 Arabic: 0.158 Bambara: -0.286 Basque: 0.061 Beja: 0.379 Buglere: -0.009 Borôro: 0.134 Buryat: 0.159 Cantonese: -0.052 Chinese: -0.039 Chhintange: 0.215 Chukot: -0.047 ClassChinese: 0.075 Coptic: -0.151 Egyptian: 0.081 Erzya: -0.016 Estonian: 0.208 Finnish: 0.107 Georgian: 0.149 Guajajára: 0.081 Hausa: -0.163 Hebrew: 0.194 HighlandNahuatl: 0.229 Hungarian: 0.052 Arhuaco: 0.127 Indonesian: 0.108 Japanese: 0.025 Javanese: 0.223 Karo: 0.055 Kazakh: 0.057 Khoekhoe: -0.040 Kiche: 0.046 Komi: -0.037 Korean: 0.127 Kyrgyz: 0.148 Maghrebi: 0.122 Maltese: 0.297 MbyáGuaraní: -0.009 Moksha: 0.067 Tangkhul: 0.107 Nhengatu: 0.025 NorthSami: 0.028 OttomanTurkish: 0.065 Pesh: 0.103 Wu: -0.003 SkoltSami: 0.029 Tamil: 0.353 Tatar: -0.077 Teko: 0.101 Telugu: 0.094 Thai: 0.087 Turkish: 0.136 TurkishGerman: 0.050 Uyghur: 0.022 Uzbek: 0.140 Vietnamese: 0.014 WestNahuatl: 0.038 Wolof: 0.059 Xibe: -0.132 Yoruba: 0.341 Yupik: -0.045 Zaar: 0.006 0
MAL Effect −β(1→max): OV vs NDO vs VO -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 −β(1→max) — positive = MAL compliance VO (n=72) Albanian: -0.045 AncientHebrew: 0.029 Arabic: 0.158 Belarusian: 0.181 Breton: 0.119 Bulgarian: 0.172 Cantonese: -0.052 Catalan: 0.255 Chinese: -0.039 ClassChinese: 0.075 Coptic: -0.151 Croatian: 0.268 Czech: 0.240 Danish: 0.131 Egyptian: 0.081 English: 0.059 Faroese: -0.076 Finnish: 0.107 French: 0.254 Galician: 0.391 Gheg: 0.114 Gothic: -0.120 Greek: 0.213 Guajajára: 0.081 Haitian: 0.190 Hausa: -0.163 Hebrew: 0.194 HighlandNahuatl: 0.229 Icelandic: -0.035 Indonesian: 0.108 Irish: 0.046 Italian: 0.146 Javanese: 0.223 Kiche: 0.046 Latvian: 0.109 Ligurian: -0.066 Lithuanian: 0.147 Maghrebi: 0.122 Maltese: 0.297 MiddleFrench: 0.120 Moksha: 0.067 Naija: -0.248 Nhengatu: 0.025 NorthSami: 0.028 Norwegian: 0.216 Occitan: 0.212 OldChurchSlavonic: -0.129 OldFrench: -0.047 OldProvençal: -0.200 Polish: 0.136 Pomak: 0.049 Portuguese: 0.130 Romanian: 0.092 Russian: 0.110 Gaelic: 0.348 Serbian: 0.170 Wu: -0.003 Sicilian: 0.315 Slovak: 0.137 Slovenian: 0.230 Spanish: 0.205 Swedish: 0.106 Thai: 0.087 Ukrainian: 0.191 UpperSorbian: 0.495 Vietnamese: 0.014 Welsh: 0.630 WestNahuatl: 0.038 Wolof: 0.059 Yiddish: 0.038 Yoruba: 0.341 Zaar: 0.006 OV (n=38) Abkhaz: -0.071 Afrikaans: 0.181 Akkadian: 0.052 SwissGerman: -0.002 Amharic: 0.074 Bambara: -0.286 Basque: 0.061 Beja: 0.379 Bhojpuri: -0.041 Buglere: -0.009 Borôro: 0.134 Buryat: 0.159 Chhintange: 0.215 Hindi: 0.099 Arhuaco: 0.127 Japanese: 0.025 Karo: 0.055 Kazakh: 0.057 Khoekhoe: -0.040 Korean: 0.127 Kyrgyz: 0.148 Marathi: 0.124 Tangkhul: 0.107 Kurmanji: 0.139 OttomanTurkish: 0.065 Persian: -0.014 Pesh: 0.103 Sanskrit: -0.018 Sindhi: -0.046 Tamil: 0.353 Tatar: -0.077 Telugu: 0.094 Turkish: 0.136 TurkishGerman: 0.050 Urdu: 0.142 Uyghur: 0.022 Uzbek: 0.140 Xibe: -0.132 NDO (mixed) (n=21) AncientGreek: 0.054 Armenian: 0.056 Bavarian: 0.134 Chukot: -0.047 ClassArmenian: 0.005 Dutch: 0.087 Erzya: -0.016 Estonian: 0.208 FrisianDutch: 0.331 Georgian: 0.149 German: 0.171 Hungarian: 0.052 Komi: -0.037 Latin: -0.235 LowSaxon: 0.098 MbyáGuaraní: -0.009 OldEastSlavic: -0.255 SkoltSami: 0.029 Teko: 0.101 WestArmenian: -0.029 Yupik: -0.045 0