← back to MAL Compliance index
📄 next to a language name opens a page of real sample sentences from that language’s treebank, with the verb (red) and its dependents (green) highlighted, illustrating the configurations on which MAL is computed.
| Language ⇅ | Family ⇅ | VO ⇅ | RMAL β(1→max) ⇅ | RMAL compliance ⇅ | MAL_1 (count) ⇅ | 1→2 ⇅ | MAL_2 (count) ⇅ | 2→3 ⇅ | MAL_3 (count) ⇅ | 3→4 ⇅ | MAL_4 (count) ⇅ | 4→5 ⇅ | MAL_5 (count) ⇅ | 5→6 ⇅ | MAL_6 (count) ⇅ | 6→7 ⇅ | MAL_7 (count) ⇅ | 7→8 ⇅ | MAL_8 (count) ⇅ | 8→9 ⇅ | MAL_9 (count) ⇅ | 9→10 ⇅ | MAL_10 (count) ⇅ | 10→11 ⇅ | MAL_11 (count) ⇅ | 11→12 ⇅ | MAL_12 (count) ⇅ | 12→13 ⇅ | MAL_13 (count) ⇅ | 13→14 ⇅ | MAL_14 (count) ⇅ | 14→15 ⇅ | MAL_15 (count) ⇅ | 15→16 ⇅ | MAL_16 (count) ⇅ | 16→17 ⇅ | MAL_17 (count) ⇅ | 17→18 ⇅ | MAL_18 (count) ⇅ | 18→19 ⇅ | MAL_19 (count) ⇅ | 19→20 ⇅ | MAL_20 (count) ⇅ | 20→21 ⇅ | MAL_21 (count) ⇅ | 21→22 ⇅ | MAL_22 (count) ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abaza 📄 | Caucasian | 0.10 | — | 1.771 (35) | — | 1.375 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Abkhaz 📄 | Caucasian | 0.01 | — | 1.932 (354) | — | 1.500 (31) | — | 2.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Afrikaans 📄 | Indo-European | 0.16 | β = 0.553 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 9.697 (1786) | 0.572 | 6.523 (386) | 0.514 | 5.296 (107) | — | 3.962 (20) | — | 3.550 (4) | — | 3.750 (2) | — | — | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Akkadian 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.05 | — | 1.609 (455) | — | 3.068 (22) | — | 3.556 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Akuntsu 📄 | South-American | 0.06 | — | 1.195 (82) | — | 1.200 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Albanian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.93 | β = 0.475 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.212 (288) | 0.475 | 3.750 (130) | — | 4.756 (26) | — | 6.000 (1) | — | 3.867 (3) | — | 2.833 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Amharic 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.01 | β = -0.004 (gray zone) | 0.00 (low) | 1.033 (860) | -0.004 | 1.035 (342) | — | 1.174 (23) | — | 1.469 (8) | — | 1.600 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| AncientGreek 📄 | Indo-European | 0.56 | β = 0.011 (gray zone) | 0.50 (middle) | 3.532 (32325) | 0.024 | 3.474 (12977) | -0.059 | 3.559 (3641) | 0.206 | 3.354 (907) | -0.222 | 3.524 (202) | — | 3.359 (52) | — | 3.157 (10) | — | 2.812 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| AncientHebrew 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.87 | β = 0.029 (gray zone) | 0.67 (high) | 4.192 (6763) | 0.104 | 3.902 (5136) | -0.210 | 4.249 (1959) | 0.295 | 3.903 (377) | — | 3.922 (72) | — | 4.864 (11) | — | 4.143 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Apurinã 📄 | South-American | 0.88 | — | 1.673 (113) | — | 1.520 (25) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Arabic 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.97 | β = 0.096 (gray zone) | 0.33 (low) | 10.805 (26558) | 0.357 | 8.439 (29052) | 0.170 | 7.878 (14129) | -0.057 | 8.009 (5117) | -0.092 | 8.176 (1431) | -0.102 | 8.330 (368) | -0.536 | 9.047 (103) | — | 10.976 (36) | — | 10.275 (19) | — | 10.180 (5) | — | 7.667 (6) | — | 2.083 (1) | — | — | — | 24.179 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Arhuaco 📄 | South-American | 0.02 | — | 1.161 (304) | — | 1.552 (29) | — | 1.000 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Armenian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.46 | β = 0.152 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.389 (8886) | 0.152 | 5.751 (837) | — | 4.193 (45) | — | 5.750 (6) | — | 1.600 (1) | — | 6.333 (1) | — | 3.857 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Assyrian 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.80 | — | 3.467 (30) | — | 1.312 (8) | — | 1.500 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Azerbaijani 📄 | Turkic | 0.00 | — | 3.545 (11) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Bambara 📄 | Niger-Congo | 0.00 | β = -0.197 (Anti-MAL) | 0.00 (low) | 5.163 (1319) | -0.197 | 5.917 (192) | — | 4.378 (15) | — | 6.500 (1) | — | 2.700 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Basque 📄 | Other | 0.14 | β = 0.112 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.032 (5289) | 0.117 | 2.797 (1342) | 0.103 | 2.683 (268) | — | 2.265 (51) | — | 1.711 (9) | — | 2.833 (1) | — | 1.333 (3) | — | — | — | 1.667 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Bavarian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.50 | β = 0.752 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.912 (308) | 0.895 | 3.178 (230) | 0.459 | 2.639 (132) | — | 2.589 (59) | — | 1.933 (15) | — | 2.611 (3) | — | 1.143 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Beja 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.01 | — | 2.109 (303) | — | 2.028 (18) | — | 2.111 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Belarusian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.87 | β = 0.344 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 4.869 (19391) | 0.433 | 3.607 (5495) | 0.163 | 3.376 (762) | — | 3.122 (84) | — | 2.909 (11) | — | 4.833 (2) | — | 1.857 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Bengali 📄 | Indo-European | 0.09 | — | 1.455 (11) | — | 1.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Bhojpuri 📄 | Indo-European | 0.03 | — | 8.885 (87) | — | 6.273 (11) | — | 9.889 (3) | — | 4.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Borôro 📄 | South-American | 0.00 | β = 0.097 (gray zone) | 0.67 (high) | 1.968 (12383) | 0.121 | 1.809 (3824) | 0.129 | 1.717 (878) | -0.048 | 1.741 (191) | — | 1.565 (51) | — | 1.589 (15) | — | 1.464 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Breton 📄 | Indo-European | 0.92 | β = 0.200 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.894 (471) | 0.200 | 3.390 (324) | — | 3.165 (99) | — | 3.400 (15) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Buglere 📄 | South-American | 0.01 | — | 1.907 (247) | — | 1.964 (42) | — | 2.095 (7) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Bulgarian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.96 | β = 0.326 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.320 (11036) | 0.416 | 3.988 (3241) | 0.144 | 3.761 (415) | — | 3.293 (41) | — | 1.933 (3) | — | 3.333 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Buryat 📄 | Other | 0.01 | — | 3.689 (119) | — | 3.091 (11) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cantonese 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.97 | β = 0.394 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 4.297 (1217) | 0.394 | 3.271 (188) | — | 3.145 (23) | — | 6.167 (3) | — | 3.800 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| CappadocianGreek 📄 | Indo-European | 0.93 | β = 0.236 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.472 (320) | 0.236 | 2.948 (124) | — | 2.989 (30) | — | 3.000 (2) | — | 2.800 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | 3.125 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Catalan 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.363 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 11.013 (24226) | 0.519 | 7.684 (11181) | 0.160 | 7.203 (2816) | 0.294 | 6.618 (567) | — | 5.943 (94) | — | 4.437 (21) | — | 3.524 (6) | — | 4.625 (2) | — | — | — | 14.100 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Cebuano 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 1.00 | — | 2.667 (57) | — | 2.234 (64) | — | 2.126 (29) | — | 1.938 (4) | — | 1.600 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CentralKurdish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.06 | — | 1.343 (35) | — | 2.333 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chhintange 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.04 | — | 1.261 (406) | — | 1.190 (42) | — | 1.111 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Chinese 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.99 | β = 0.530 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 4.671 (28356) | 0.530 | 3.235 (768) | — | 2.686 (51) | — | 1.917 (3) | — | 2.950 (4) | — | — | — | 1.429 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Chukot 📄 | Other | 0.44 | — | 1.411 (355) | — | 1.333 (69) | — | 1.800 (10) | — | 4.250 (1) | — | 1.800 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ClassArmenian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.66 | β = 0.007 (gray zone) | 0.33 (low) | 4.308 (6338) | -0.070 | 4.523 (3323) | -0.024 | 4.568 (890) | 0.321 | 4.165 (130) | — | 5.324 (21) | — | 4.417 (6) | — | 6.643 (2) | — | 5.250 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| ClassChinese 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 1.00 | β = 0.011 (gray zone) | 1.00 (high) | 1.973 (64210) | 0.011 | 1.958 (4178) | — | 2.032 (21) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Coptic 📄 | Afroasiatic | 1.00 | β = -0.034 (gray zone) | 0.67 (high) | 5.005 (3677) | -0.128 | 5.467 (3648) | 0.019 | 5.426 (1614) | 0.156 | 5.188 (353) | — | 4.906 (72) | — | 5.564 (13) | — | 5.357 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Croatian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.90 | β = 0.348 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.649 (11610) | 0.401 | 5.034 (3453) | 0.240 | 4.568 (595) | — | 4.311 (74) | — | 3.778 (9) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Czech 📄 | Indo-European | 0.84 | β = 0.417 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.425 (212142) | 0.596 | 4.250 (80647) | 0.390 | 3.628 (19978) | 0.201 | 3.424 (3583) | 0.156 | 3.307 (505) | — | 3.257 (76) | — | 4.495 (13) | — | 15.667 (3) | — | 10.778 (2) | — | 13.100 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Danish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.98 | β = 0.310 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.784 (5058) | 0.511 | 4.058 (3127) | 0.121 | 3.865 (918) | 0.065 | 3.793 (196) | — | 3.304 (46) | — | 3.861 (6) | — | 3.429 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | 2.200 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Dutch 📄 | Indo-European | 0.44 | β = 0.487 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 7.042 (15564) | 0.622 | 4.576 (7429) | 0.472 | 3.779 (3364) | 0.362 | 3.405 (1061) | 0.194 | 3.261 (251) | — | 3.675 (42) | — | 2.286 (2) | — | 1.125 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Egyptian 📄 | Afroasiatic | 1.00 | β = -0.203 (Anti-MAL) | 0.33 (low) | 2.263 (1086) | -0.314 | 2.814 (1941) | 0.016 | 2.796 (720) | -0.312 | 3.058 (263) | — | 3.211 (35) | — | 3.093 (9) | — | 2.429 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| English 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.186 (MAL) | 0.33 (low) | 5.179 (72090) | 0.449 | 3.794 (28439) | -0.100 | 3.951 (4557) | -0.053 | 4.011 (546) | — | 3.963 (70) | — | 4.310 (7) | — | 4.500 (4) | — | — | — | 4.259 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Erzya 📄 | Uralic | 0.61 | β = 0.269 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 2.467 (1559) | 0.269 | 2.048 (472) | — | 2.090 (67) | — | 3.094 (8) | — | — | — | 1.750 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Esperanto 📄 | Indo-European | 0.90 | — | 11.042 (166) | — | 6.156 (80) | — | 5.375 (8) | — | 3.875 (2) | — | 9.200 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Estonian 📄 | Uralic | 0.67 | β = 0.448 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 4.964 (23698) | 0.664 | 3.134 (13422) | 0.419 | 2.644 (4346) | 0.217 | 2.484 (882) | 0.056 | 2.453 (152) | — | 2.192 (20) | — | 1.571 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Faroese 📄 | Indo-European | 0.95 | β = 0.020 (gray zone) | 0.67 (high) | 3.864 (2550) | 0.074 | 3.671 (1713) | 0.005 | 3.663 (606) | -0.125 | 3.797 (139) | — | 3.415 (39) | — | 2.125 (4) | — | 4.143 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Finnish 📄 | Uralic | 0.75 | β = 0.384 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.858 (27331) | 0.496 | 2.734 (12985) | 0.304 | 2.417 (2938) | 0.193 | 2.287 (488) | — | 1.969 (77) | — | 1.833 (8) | — | 1.771 (5) | — | — | — | 1.444 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| French 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | β = 0.316 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 8.262 (29852) | 0.480 | 5.924 (13177) | 0.181 | 5.506 (3014) | 0.075 | 5.388 (469) | — | 5.041 (58) | — | 4.625 (8) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| FrisianDutch 📄 | Indo-European | 0.40 | — | 4.067 (119) | — | 2.442 (78) | — | 2.505 (33) | — | 1.472 (9) | — | 2.160 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Gaelic 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | β = 0.236 (MAL) | 0.67 (high) | 4.779 (1966) | -0.038 | 4.908 (4277) | 0.591 | 3.863 (1749) | 0.369 | 3.474 (493) | — | 3.268 (88) | — | 3.231 (18) | — | 3.714 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Galician 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.504 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 11.060 (8635) | 0.512 | 7.754 (3914) | 0.467 | 6.415 (1004) | 0.558 | 5.465 (219) | — | 4.693 (56) | — | 4.333 (8) | — | 3.536 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Gbaya 📄 | Niger-Congo | 0.99 | β = 0.172 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 1.776 (259) | 0.172 | 1.576 (125) | — | 1.588 (55) | — | 1.375 (10) | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Georgian 📄 | Caucasian | 0.49 | β = 0.437 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.355 (3305) | 0.443 | 4.676 (837) | 0.426 | 3.933 (150) | — | 3.828 (29) | — | 3.467 (12) | — | 3.111 (3) | — | 2.714 (2) | — | 3.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| German 📄 | Indo-European | 0.37 | β = 0.535 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 7.816 (59691) | 0.739 | 4.683 (45413) | 0.518 | 3.795 (27164) | 0.381 | 3.401 (9528) | 0.393 | 3.115 (2308) | 0.216 | 2.995 (426) | — | 3.141 (71) | — | 2.667 (15) | — | 5.667 (1) | — | 2.300 (1) | — | 2.455 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Gheg 📄 | Indo-European | 0.95 | β = 0.313 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.731 (1479) | 0.313 | 3.002 (431) | — | 3.208 (53) | — | 3.156 (8) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Gothic 📄 | Indo-European | 0.68 | β = -0.123 (Anti-MAL) | 0.33 (low) | 3.332 (5318) | 0.065 | 3.184 (2252) | -0.242 | 3.512 (551) | -0.476 | 4.028 (106) | — | 3.671 (17) | — | 1.833 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Greek 📄 | Indo-European | 0.97 | β = 0.322 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 7.332 (6752) | 0.395 | 5.577 (2686) | 0.174 | 5.196 (564) | — | 5.291 (61) | — | 5.300 (8) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Guajajára 📄 | South-American | 0.77 | β = 0.175 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 1.671 (435) | 0.188 | 1.467 (270) | 0.148 | 1.381 (132) | — | 1.441 (17) | — | 1.400 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Guarani 📄 | South-American | 0.67 | — | 1.385 (13) | — | 1.400 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Gujarati 📄 | Indo-European | 0.03 | — | 6.048 (21) | — | 3.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Gwichʼin 📄 | Other | 0.00 | — | 1.417 (12) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Haitian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.299 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.066 (6335) | 0.375 | 4.677 (2680) | 0.143 | 4.414 (365) | — | 3.981 (66) | — | 3.743 (7) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hausa 📄 | Afroasiatic | 1.00 | β = 0.073 (gray zone) | 1.00 (high) | 2.500 (2662) | 0.073 | 2.377 (702) | — | 2.220 (97) | — | 3.071 (7) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hebrew 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.98 | β = 0.319 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 8.523 (17757) | 0.448 | 6.248 (9211) | 0.247 | 5.653 (1837) | 0.053 | 5.567 (275) | — | 5.667 (24) | — | 6.444 (3) | — | — | — | 5.750 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| HighlandNahuatl 📄 | South-American | 0.87 | β = 0.427 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.078 (873) | 0.427 | 2.290 (138) | — | 2.071 (14) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hindi 📄 | Indo-European | 0.04 | β = 1.031 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 15.077 (6182) | 1.031 | 7.379 (136) | — | 6.870 (18) | — | 5.312 (4) | — | 5.000 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hittite 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | — | 2.857 (7) | — | 1.500 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Hungarian 📄 | Uralic | 0.52 | β = 0.242 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.998 (1860) | 0.298 | 4.880 (560) | 0.128 | 4.633 (139) | — | 4.365 (26) | — | 3.300 (6) | — | 6.083 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Icelandic 📄 | Indo-European | 0.91 | β = 0.215 (MAL) | 0.60 (middle) | 5.401 (57841) | 0.454 | 3.942 (43080) | 0.205 | 3.627 (19740) | -0.014 | 3.642 (6234) | 0.086 | 3.572 (1595) | -0.121 | 3.652 (410) | — | 3.783 (95) | — | 4.233 (30) | — | 2.896 (16) | — | 6.667 (3) | — | 3.939 (3) | — | 2.806 (3) | — | 2.385 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Indonesian 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 1.00 | β = 0.314 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.809 (11481) | 0.372 | 5.260 (3408) | 0.195 | 4.859 (659) | — | 4.656 (85) | — | 5.400 (12) | — | 3.667 (2) | — | 1.857 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Irish 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | β = 0.149 (MAL) | 0.75 (high) | 5.202 (2675) | 0.339 | 4.113 (4274) | 0.026 | 4.069 (2978) | -0.031 | 4.106 (1182) | 0.083 | 4.031 (341) | — | 4.037 (72) | — | 4.016 (27) | — | 4.542 (3) | — | 2.889 (1) | — | 22.800 (1) | — | — | — | 3.917 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Italian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.96 | β = 0.221 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 7.813 (51530) | 0.400 | 5.920 (21501) | 0.082 | 5.726 (4529) | 0.051 | 5.643 (785) | 0.244 | 5.345 (119) | — | 6.981 (18) | — | 3.881 (6) | — | 7.375 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Japanese 📄 | Other | 0.00 | — | 1.033 (1717) | — | 1.000 (35) | — | 1.000 (10) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Javanese 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.97 | β = 0.215 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 4.618 (1266) | 0.215 | 3.979 (315) | — | 3.594 (46) | — | 3.611 (9) | — | — | — | 3.667 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kaapor 📄 | South-American | 0.12 | — | 1.333 (18) | — | 1.250 (6) | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Kangri 📄 | Indo-European | 0.03 | — | 3.526 (19) | — | 3.250 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Karelian 📄 | Uralic | 0.87 | — | 2.954 (196) | — | 2.461 (90) | — | 2.087 (23) | — | 2.964 (7) | — | 2.000 (2) | — | — | — | 2.286 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Karo 📄 | South-American | 0.03 | — | 1.415 (123) | — | 1.308 (26) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Kazakh 📄 | Turkic | 0.00 | — | 2.286 (28) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Khoekhoe 📄 | Other | 0.03 | β = -0.371 (Anti-MAL) | 0.00 (low) | 2.438 (950) | -0.371 | 3.153 (190) | — | 2.528 (24) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Khunsari 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | — | 4.667 (6) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Kiche 📄 | South-American | 0.97 | β = 0.209 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 2.725 (811) | 0.209 | 2.357 (301) | — | 2.039 (51) | — | 2.417 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Komi 📄 | Uralic | 0.59 | β = 0.201 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.037 (673) | 0.201 | 2.642 (180) | — | 2.390 (35) | — | 1.562 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Komi-Permyak 📄 | Uralic | 0.68 | — | 2.402 (97) | — | 1.611 (18) | — | 1.333 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Korean 📄 | Other | 0.00 | β = -0.055 (gray zone) | 0.00 (low) | 1.413 (7146) | -0.055 | 1.468 (345) | — | 1.095 (7) | — | 1.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kurmanji 📄 | Indo-European | 0.05 | — | 4.185 (270) | — | 4.181 (36) | — | 3.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Kyrgyz 📄 | Turkic | 0.00 | — | 1.192 (120) | — | 1.000 (2) | — | 1.333 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Latgalian 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | — | 2.500 (20) | — | 2.100 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Latin 📄 | Indo-European | 0.47 | β = -0.101 (Anti-MAL) | 0.33 (low) | 4.828 (52048) | 0.098 | 4.510 (17509) | -0.048 | 4.599 (4674) | -0.641 | 5.529 (1526) | -0.058 | 5.602 (358) | 0.945 | 4.715 (313) | -1.717 | 6.144 (102) | — | 4.625 (18) | — | 7.000 (3) | — | 5.100 (2) | — | 3.727 (1) | — | 6.708 (2) | — | 2.154 (2) | — | 6.929 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15.316 (1) | — | 11.250 (1) | — | — | — | 1.909 (1) |
| Latvian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.80 | β = 0.296 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.244 (29876) | 0.348 | 4.121 (5799) | 0.190 | 3.817 (605) | — | 3.966 (52) | — | 3.720 (5) | — | 3.167 (1) | — | 3.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Ligurian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.552 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.424 (415) | 0.552 | 4.382 (165) | — | 4.614 (38) | — | 4.417 (3) | — | 3.600 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Lithuanian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.82 | β = 0.376 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.351 (6365) | 0.376 | 4.894 (927) | — | 4.495 (99) | — | 3.806 (9) | — | 5.400 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Livvi 📄 | Uralic | 0.69 | — | 2.809 (110) | — | 2.630 (50) | — | 3.111 (6) | — | 1.500 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LowSaxon 📄 | Indo-European | 0.45 | β = 0.513 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.176 (621) | 0.486 | 3.695 (423) | 0.568 | 2.935 (292) | — | 2.372 (98) | — | 2.091 (33) | — | 3.333 (4) | — | 2.286 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Luxembourgish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.20 | — | 4.800 (5) | — | 1.667 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Macedonian 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | — | 2.599 (137) | — | 2.069 (36) | — | 1.167 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Madi 📄 | South-American | 0.00 | — | 2.200 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Maghrebi 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.98 | β = 0.165 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.022 (2142) | 0.165 | 2.694 (684) | — | 2.588 (85) | — | 3.875 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Makuráp 📄 | South-American | 0.00 | — | 1.312 (16) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Malayalam 📄 | Dravidian | 0.01 | — | 1.056 (18) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Maltese 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.97 | β = 0.409 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 8.168 (4156) | 0.598 | 5.395 (1050) | 0.023 | 5.345 (145) | — | 4.214 (7) | — | 4.933 (3) | — | 4.667 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Manx 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | β = 0.388 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.373 (241) | 0.393 | 2.570 (1753) | 0.379 | 2.203 (646) | — | 2.886 (77) | — | 3.000 (5) | — | 2.333 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Marathi 📄 | Indo-European | 0.01 | — | 3.385 (26) | — | 1.600 (5) | — | 3.333 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MbyáGuaraní 📄 | South-American | 0.51 | — | 2.468 (678) | — | 2.369 (88) | — | 2.556 (12) | — | 3.500 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MiddleFrench 📄 | Indo-European | 0.96 | β = 0.153 (MAL) | 0.67 (high) | 6.794 (5850) | 0.231 | 5.790 (2507) | 0.187 | 5.368 (756) | -0.172 | 5.640 (195) | — | 6.038 (42) | — | 5.694 (6) | — | 5.683 (9) | — | 8.375 (1) | — | 13.704 (3) | — | 4.867 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Moksha 📄 | Uralic | 0.76 | — | 2.294 (402) | — | 1.979 (94) | — | 1.963 (9) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Mundurukú 📄 | South-American | 0.08 | — | 2.016 (64) | — | 1.531 (16) | — | 2.458 (8) | — | 1.750 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Naija 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | β = 0.133 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.678 (9258) | 0.146 | 3.324 (3105) | 0.107 | 3.183 (409) | — | 4.331 (31) | — | 4.400 (2) | — | 1.833 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Nayini 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | — | 6.500 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Neapolitan 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | — | 3.167 (18) | — | 3.000 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Nenets 📄 | Uralic | 0.01 | — | 4.000 (6) | — | — | — | — | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Nhengatu 📄 | South-American | 0.97 | β = 0.100 (gray zone) | 1.00 (high) | 2.681 (2089) | 0.065 | 2.563 (1085) | 0.171 | 2.392 (211) | — | 2.240 (24) | — | 2.267 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| NorthSami 📄 | Uralic | 0.88 | β = 0.191 (MAL) | 0.50 (middle) | 2.582 (1984) | 0.340 | 2.039 (1028) | -0.112 | 2.135 (270) | — | 1.973 (64) | — | 1.650 (24) | — | 1.738 (7) | — | 1.786 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Norwegian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.393 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.701 (30858) | 0.542 | 3.914 (19579) | 0.331 | 3.422 (5824) | 0.237 | 3.197 (1037) | 0.258 | 3.018 (135) | — | 3.967 (10) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Occitan 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | β = 0.334 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.652 (1702) | 0.278 | 4.662 (616) | 0.449 | 3.885 (157) | — | 4.062 (24) | — | 3.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| OldChurchSlavonic 📄 | Indo-European | 0.67 | β = -0.084 (gray zone) | 0.33 (low) | 2.572 (17076) | 0.037 | 2.506 (8524) | -0.203 | 2.721 (2046) | -0.224 | 2.902 (341) | — | 3.296 (56) | — | 3.750 (4) | — | 4.286 (1) | — | 3.500 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.154 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| OldEastSlavic 📄 | Indo-European | 0.55 | β = -0.161 (Anti-MAL) | 0.20 (low) | 3.787 (25523) | 0.199 | 3.298 (14184) | -0.063 | 3.383 (4810) | -0.477 | 3.881 (1258) | -0.717 | 4.554 (367) | -0.535 | 5.021 (112) | — | 6.042 (37) | — | 5.713 (17) | — | 6.426 (6) | — | — | — | 7.295 (4) | — | 8.167 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | 4.600 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.857 (1) | — | — |
| OldEnglish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.78 | — | 3.062 (16) | — | 1.667 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OldFrench 📄 | Indo-European | 0.71 | β = 0.147 (MAL) | 0.75 (high) | 4.828 (16340) | 0.260 | 4.031 (6054) | 0.040 | 3.966 (1767) | 0.181 | 3.766 (448) | -0.079 | 3.832 (130) | — | 3.590 (24) | — | 4.643 (8) | — | 2.250 (1) | — | 4.667 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.800 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| OldIrish 📄 | Indo-European | 1.00 | — | 3.909 (44) | — | 3.150 (20) | — | 3.458 (8) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OldProvençal 📄 | Indo-European | 0.82 | β = -0.007 (gray zone) | 0.67 (high) | 7.084 (2391) | 0.078 | 6.713 (1086) | -0.169 | 7.189 (391) | 0.064 | 7.059 (106) | — | 9.925 (24) | — | 7.509 (18) | — | 5.286 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Oriya 📄 | Indo-European | 0.02 | — | 2.900 (10) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OttomanTurkish 📄 | Turkic | 0.03 | — | 5.419 (222) | — | 3.217 (23) | — | 4.333 (3) | — | 4.000 (2) | — | 1.400 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pashto 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | — | 10.362 (69) | — | 2.167 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Paumarí 📄 | South-American | 0.61 | — | 2.122 (41) | — | 2.000 (6) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Persian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | β = 0.684 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 12.061 (12996) | 0.684 | 7.506 (416) | — | 6.907 (54) | — | 5.875 (8) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Pesh 📄 | Other | 0.09 | — | 2.635 (211) | — | 2.667 (33) | — | 2.542 (8) | — | 3.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Phrygian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.15 | — | 2.147 (75) | — | 1.667 (6) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Polish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.85 | β = 0.258 (MAL) | 0.67 (high) | 4.443 (34003) | 0.508 | 3.125 (18011) | 0.038 | 3.077 (3597) | -0.079 | 3.147 (399) | — | 3.206 (33) | — | 4.533 (5) | — | 3.571 (2) | — | 2.250 (1) | — | 1.556 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Pomak 📄 | Indo-European | 0.93 | β = 0.190 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.947 (2927) | 0.257 | 3.302 (1169) | 0.053 | 3.232 (253) | — | 2.857 (49) | — | 3.625 (16) | — | 4.000 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Portuguese 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.166 (MAL) | 0.50 (middle) | 7.426 (79334) | 0.341 | 5.864 (29967) | 0.118 | 5.589 (5879) | -0.008 | 5.602 (807) | -0.096 | 5.723 (112) | — | 5.569 (17) | — | 5.000 (7) | — | 5.062 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Romanian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.89 | β = 0.210 (MAL) | 0.75 (high) | 5.999 (52375) | 0.375 | 4.626 (25454) | 0.170 | 4.317 (7206) | -0.015 | 4.336 (1521) | 0.079 | 4.260 (310) | — | 4.638 (47) | — | 3.750 (8) | — | 6.042 (6) | — | 5.519 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Russian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.86 | β = 0.319 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.125 (237241) | 0.493 | 3.643 (66992) | 0.155 | 3.421 (8787) | 0.106 | 3.319 (914) | — | 4.109 (92) | — | 3.892 (20) | — | 4.952 (6) | — | 4.781 (4) | — | — | — | 2.800 (4) | — | 2.545 (1) | — | 3.667 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.375 (1) | — | — | — | 2.111 (1) | — | — | — | 3.000 (1) | — | — | — | — |
| Sanskrit 📄 | Indo-European | 0.15 | β = 0.425 (MAL) | 0.67 (high) | 3.853 (7980) | 0.519 | 2.688 (1751) | 0.586 | 2.120 (457) | -0.226 | 2.262 (106) | — | 2.176 (17) | — | 2.067 (5) | — | 1.714 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Serbian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.95 | β = 0.372 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 7.023 (5594) | 0.478 | 5.041 (1893) | 0.155 | 4.735 (363) | — | 4.240 (48) | — | 4.275 (8) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sicilian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.362 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.351 (930) | 0.362 | 4.164 (271) | — | 4.183 (40) | — | 3.375 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sindhi 📄 | Indo-European | 0.03 | β = 0.841 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 12.050 (1827) | 0.841 | 6.725 (120) | — | 5.389 (12) | — | 7.750 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sinhalese 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SkoltSami 📄 | Uralic | 0.35 | — | 2.766 (171) | — | 1.686 (35) | — | 1.222 (6) | — | 1.500 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Slovak 📄 | Indo-European | 0.85 | β = 0.344 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.632 (8192) | 0.391 | 2.770 (2435) | 0.247 | 2.506 (431) | — | 2.429 (39) | — | 3.733 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Slovenian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.79 | β = 0.416 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.637 (20720) | 0.386 | 4.314 (5263) | 0.366 | 3.719 (985) | 0.617 | 3.114 (224) | — | 3.611 (55) | — | 3.433 (10) | — | 3.086 (5) | — | 3.188 (2) | — | 3.511 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Soi 📄 | Indo-European | 0.00 | — | 6.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SouthernKurdish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.03 | — | 2.644 (101) | — | 2.250 (10) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SouthLevantineArabic 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.92 | — | 2.750 (52) | — | 2.618 (34) | — | 1.889 (12) | — | — | — | 2.200 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Spanish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.257 (MAL) | 0.75 (high) | 9.304 (50227) | 0.438 | 6.869 (23426) | 0.156 | 6.448 (5749) | 0.313 | 5.893 (938) | -0.341 | 6.358 (125) | — | 6.076 (22) | — | 5.671 (10) | — | 2.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3.250 (1) | — | — | — | 1.429 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| SpanishSign 📄 | Indo-European | 0.49 | — | 1.524 (105) | — | 1.688 (16) | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Swedish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.98 | β = 0.349 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.299 (12207) | 0.462 | 3.847 (7633) | 0.249 | 3.477 (2324) | 0.196 | 3.287 (512) | — | 3.486 (79) | — | 3.806 (12) | — | 7.000 (2) | — | 6.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| SwedishSign 📄 | Indo-European | 0.90 | — | 1.904 (136) | — | 2.141 (46) | — | 1.979 (16) | — | 1.500 (1) | — | 1.200 (1) | — | 1.667 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SwissGerman 📄 | Indo-European | 0.22 | β = 1.009 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 9.040 (520) | 1.009 | 4.494 (154) | — | 3.147 (93) | — | 3.819 (18) | — | 5.457 (7) | — | 2.833 (1) | — | 4.429 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tagalog 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 1.00 | — | 3.143 (70) | — | 2.416 (77) | — | 2.381 (28) | — | 2.295 (11) | — | 1.000 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Tamil 📄 | Dravidian | 0.00 | — | 1.111 (81) | — | 1.000 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Tangkhul 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.01 | — | 1.617 (47) | — | 2.222 (9) | — | 5.667 (1) | — | 1.750 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Tatar 📄 | Turkic | 0.00 | — | 5.600 (10) | — | 2.000 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Teko 📄 | South-American | 0.42 | — | 1.359 (251) | — | 1.167 (42) | — | 1.444 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Telugu 📄 | Dravidian | 0.01 | — | 1.320 (25) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TeluguEnglish 📄 | Dravidian | 0.04 | — | 1.000 (4) | — | 1.000 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Thai 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.99 | β = 0.296 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.412 (10722) | 0.342 | 5.060 (3506) | 0.214 | 4.640 (874) | 0.323 | 4.228 (161) | — | 5.621 (28) | — | 2.417 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tswana 📄 | Niger-Congo | 1.00 | — | 3.571 (21) | — | 2.375 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Tupinambá 📄 | South-American | 0.31 | — | 2.112 (178) | — | 2.047 (86) | — | 1.784 (34) | — | 1.700 (10) | — | 1.920 (5) | — | — | — | 1.857 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Turkish 📄 | Turkic | 0.02 | β = -0.057 (gray zone) | 0.00 (low) | 1.844 (4251) | -0.057 | 1.918 (276) | — | 1.820 (37) | — | 2.375 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| TurkishEnglish 📄 | Turkic | 0.42 | — | 2.529 (17) | — | 4.500 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TurkishGerman 📄 | Turkic | 0.26 | β = 0.403 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.871 (1151) | 0.321 | 3.097 (457) | 0.697 | 2.335 (246) | 0.037 | 2.310 (104) | — | 2.061 (46) | — | 1.625 (8) | — | 3.393 (4) | — | 1.125 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Ukrainian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.87 | β = 0.316 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.091 (14606) | 0.453 | 4.450 (4244) | 0.038 | 4.383 (676) | — | 5.134 (73) | — | 4.322 (18) | — | 5.833 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Umbrian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.02 | — | 3.283 (53) | — | 3.429 (14) | — | 2.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UpperSorbian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.67 | β = 0.717 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 6.480 (304) | 0.717 | 3.943 (167) | — | 3.608 (57) | — | 3.222 (9) | — | 2.600 (4) | — | 4.333 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Urdu 📄 | Indo-European | 0.03 | β = 0.759 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 17.507 (2267) | 0.759 | 10.346 (162) | — | 7.179 (28) | — | 4.643 (7) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Uyghur 📄 | Turkic | 0.00 | — | 1.595 (131) | — | 1.851 (57) | — | 1.963 (9) | — | 3.500 (2) | — | 1.200 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uzbek 📄 | Turkic | 0.00 | — | 1.353 (51) | — | 1.706 (17) | — | 1.667 (3) | — | 1.750 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Veps 📄 | Uralic | 0.96 | — | 3.447 (114) | — | 2.133 (45) | — | 2.667 (2) | — | 1.625 (2) | — | 2.600 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Vietnamese 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 1.00 | β = 0.239 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 4.244 (5808) | 0.344 | 3.344 (1705) | 0.025 | 3.311 (256) | — | 2.941 (17) | — | 6.400 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Warlpiri 📄 | Other | 0.16 | — | 1.762 (21) | — | 1.250 (6) | — | 1.333 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Welsh 📄 | Indo-European | 0.99 | β = 0.705 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 9.783 (1153) | 0.646 | 6.251 (1512) | 0.824 | 4.476 (316) | — | 4.121 (60) | — | 3.111 (9) | — | 2.667 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| WestArmenian 📄 | Indo-European | 0.40 | β = 0.171 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 5.988 (7027) | 0.171 | 5.319 (1069) | — | 4.771 (86) | — | 4.312 (4) | — | 4.333 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| WestNahuatl 📄 | South-American | 0.95 | β = -0.134 (Anti-MAL) | 0.00 (low) | 3.064 (922) | -0.134 | 3.362 (138) | — | 3.310 (14) | — | 3.562 (4) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Wolof 📄 | Niger-Congo | 0.97 | β = 0.219 (MAL) | 0.50 (middle) | 6.241 (4272) | 0.343 | 4.921 (1111) | -0.034 | 4.990 (168) | — | 3.607 (21) | — | 5.400 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Wu 📄 | Sino-Austronesian | 0.99 | — | 1.889 (902) | — | 1.965 (57) | — | 2.133 (5) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Xavánte 📄 | South-American | 0.30 | — | 2.955 (88) | — | 2.812 (32) | — | 2.000 (1) | — | 2.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Xibe 📄 | Other | 0.00 | — | 3.000 (23) | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Yakut 📄 | Turkic | 0.03 | — | 2.429 (7) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Yiddish 📄 | Indo-European | 0.96 | β = 0.286 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 3.447 (1598) | 0.284 | 2.832 (595) | 0.292 | 2.516 (106) | — | 2.641 (16) | — | 2.600 (2) | — | 1.000 (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yoruba 📄 | Niger-Congo | 0.95 | β = 0.495 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 7.231 (563) | 0.495 | 5.132 (254) | — | 4.085 (43) | — | 3.781 (8) | — | 2.700 (2) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yupik 📄 | Other | 0.53 | — | 2.841 (151) | — | 2.853 (34) | — | 2.556 (3) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zaar 📄 | Afroasiatic | 0.97 | β = 0.353 (MAL) | 1.00 (high) | 2.766 (1515) | 0.268 | 2.296 (748) | 0.525 | 1.856 (199) | — | 1.897 (34) | — | 2.333 (6) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Category | β(1→max) | 1→2 | 2→3 | 3→4 | 4→5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β < -0.1 | 81 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 3 |
| -0.1 ≤ β < 0 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 4 |
| 0 ≤ β ≤ 0.1 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 6 | 4 |
| β > 0.1 | 7 | 84 | 48 | 19 | 5 |
| Total | 103 | 103 | 70 | 41 | 16 |
β(1→max) is the raw log-log regression slope from n=1 (negative = MAL compliance). Local change scores (1→2, 2→3, …) are positive when MAL holds at that transition.